Biometric Passports: Evolution, Security, and Global Adoption
Biometric passports have transitioned from novelty to global standard, with over half of all countries now issuing these digital identity documents. The shift represents a near-complete MOVE toward machine-readable travel credentials with embedded security features.
Modern e-passports contain an electronic chip storing the holder's photograph, optional fingerprint or iris data, and personal information. Public key infrastructure cryptography protects this data from tampering, while RFID/NFC technology enables contactless verification at borders or via mobile devices.
The adoption curve mirrors technological advancements in digital identity management. Where traditional passports relied solely on printed details and machine-readable zones, biometric versions offer layered authentication methods. This evolution addresses growing security demands in global travel and identity verification systems.
